Fig. 1

Gut microbiota symbiosis vs dysbiosis. Alterations of the fine balance within commensal bacteria colonies in the gut microbiota can affect immune systems with a consequence release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators, such as TNF-a and IFN-g. Recruitment of immune system can lead to sustained inflammation, which has been associated to increased susceptibility to cancer. DC, Dendritic Cells; Th, T helper cells; Marcop, Macrophages