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Fig. 4 | Biology Direct

Fig. 4

From: Gliadin-dependent UPR induction directly triggers the expression of TG2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, dysregulates intestinal permeability, and reduces CFTR expression in intestinal epithelial cells of celiac disease patients

Fig. 4

Molecular mechanisms linking UPR and CFTR dysregulation. CaCo-2 cells were unexposed (CTRL) or exposed 9 h to 4PBA (5 µM) or PT (1 mg/mL) alone or in combination, and the expression of ATF6, ATF4, XBP1s (A), and CFTR (B) was evaluated by qPCR. (C) Schematic representation of the three branches of ER stress, with the 3 inhibitors used in this study highlighted in red. Cells were unexposed (CTRL) or exposed 9 h to PT (1 mg/mL), AEBSF (500 µM), GSK2606414 (GSK, 5 µM), or STF-083010 (STF, 60 µM) alone or in combination, and the expression of ER stress markers (D), and CFTR (E) was evaluated by qPCR. CFTR protein levels were also evaluated by western blotting analysis (F)

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