Fig. 5
(A-B) Western blotting demonstrating mouse PD-L1 expression after Wnt pathway inhibitor treatment. XAV939 (A) or IWR-1 (B) at the indicated concentration were added to mouse BNL-Luc cells after seeding. After 24 h, mouse IFN-γ 25 ng/mL was added. The cells were harvested after another 24 h. (C-F) Orthotopic mouse HCC model. We implanted 3 × 105 BNL-Luc cells in the subcapsular area of the liver in BALB/c mice. A week later, mice were randomized to receive vehicle (4% DMSO in corn oil and IgG control; n = 7), 10 mg/kg XAV939 (n = 8), 5 mg/kg anti-PD-L1 antibody (10 F.9G2, Bio X Cell, Lebanon, NH, USA; n = 7), or a combination of XAV939 and anti-PD-L1 antibody (n = 8). Treatment was given as intraperitoneal injections twice weekly for two weeks. Bioluminescence imaging was used to monitor the tumor sizes (C-D) (*p < 0.05). Mouse weights were also measured (E). In another separate experiment, the mice were not sacrificed unless they met the animal euthanasia criteria after 2 weeks of the indicated treatment. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival from the day of treatment initiation. The log rank test was utilized to compare between groups (F)